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클라우드 플랫폼을 통해서 인스턴스를 생성하면 인스턴스에 root 계정과, init script 로 만든 유저가 하나 생성된다.
# init script sample
#!/bin/bash
# set variables
NEW_USER_ID="lion"
PASSWORD="abcd"
# user creations
echo "Creating new user"
useradd -s /bin/bash -d /home/$NEW_USER_ID -m $NEW_USER_ID
# password change
echo "Set password"
echo "$NEW_USER_ID:$PASSWORD" | chpasswd
# user auth
echo "Update authorization"
echo "$NEW_USER_ID ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/$NEW_USER_ID
# check user auth
echo "Check user auth"
cat /etc/sudoers.d/$NEW_USER_ID
권한 부여 명령어
# echo 를 이용해서 sudoer.d 경로에 참고 정보 추가하여 권한 설정
echo "${user_name} ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/${user_name}
# usermod 커맨드를 이용해서 권한 추가
sudo usermod -aG sudo ${user_name}
그러나 실제로 ssh 를 이용해서 접속해보면 권한부여가 실제로는 잘 적용되지 않은 경우나 docker 그룹과 같은 다른 그룹에서 sudo 권한을 사용하지 못할 때가 있다.
~$ docker images
Got permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker
...
connect: permission denied
이럴 때는 usermod 명령어를 이용해서 사용자권한을 등록해주고 해당 서비스를 재시작하면 해결된다.
# auth command
sudo usermod -aG docker lion
# restart service
sudo service docker restart
usermod: 사용자 계정관리 명령어
# usermod command detail
$ sudo usermod --help
Usage: usermod [options] LOGIN
Options:
-b, --badnames allow bad names
-c, --comment COMMENT new value of the GECOS field
-d, --home HOME_DIR new home directory for the user account
-e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE
-f, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration
to INACTIVE
-g, --gid GROUP force use GROUP as new primary group
-G, --groups GROUPS new list of supplementary GROUPS
-a, --append append the user to the supplemental GROUPS
mentioned by the -G option without removing
the user from other groups
-h, --help display this help message and exit
-l, --login NEW_LOGIN new value of the login name
-L, --lock lock the user account
-m, --move-home move contents of the home directory to the
new location (use only with -d)
-o, --non-unique allow using duplicate (non-unique) UID
-p, --password PASSWORD use encrypted password for the new password
-R, --root CHROOT_DIR directory to chroot into
-P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR prefix directory where are located the /etc/* files
-s, --shell SHELL new login shell for the user account
-u, --uid UID new UID for the user account
-U, --unlock unlock the user account
-v, --add-subuids FIRST-LAST add range of subordinate uids
-V, --del-subuids FIRST-LAST remove range of subordinate uids
-w, --add-subgids FIRST-LAST add range of subordinate gids
-W, --del-subgids FIRST-LAST remove range of subordinate gids
-Z, --selinux-user SEUSER new SELinux user mapping for the user account
scp 로 파일 보내기
scp %{file_name} ${file_name2} ${user_name}@${server_address}:${PATH}
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